CSS Solved General Science And Ability Past Paper 1986

It is a solved past paper of CSS Everyday Science 1986 CSS GSA Solved Paper 1986 . I have written all the answers briefly to help students score maximum marks. In this paper, I have answered each of the questions according to the requirements set by the Federal Public Service Commission FPSC . It should be noted that students who write extra and un-necessary information are not awarded extra marks. So, always try to write answers briefly and precisely. Nowadays, GSA paper contains 20 MCQs. To score 20 marks, try covering all of the MCQs available at Howfiv websiteEDS MCQs & GSA Past Papersbecause 17 to 18 MCQs are asked straight from the website for years.

What are the main constituents of China Clay?

Answer:

China Clay

China clay is white soft clay it is an essential ingredient in making paper, rubber, paint, and many other products. It is mined from the Kao-ling hill, located in China, for centuries. It is also called kaolin.

Kaolin, also calledchina clay, soft whiteclaythat is an essential ingredient in the manufacture ofchinaand porcelain and is widely used in the making of paper, rubber, paint, and many other products.Kaolinis named after the hill inChinaKao-ling from which it was mined for centuries.

Main constituents of China Clay

The main constituents of china clay are given as follows

Silica, Alumina, Magnesia, Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, and water are the main constituents of China Clay.

What are the effects of the deficiency of the following nutrients in the human body? Iron, Iodine, Fluorine, Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, Vitamin D. Answer any five?

Answer:

The effects of the deficiency of the following nutrients in the human body are given as follows

IronThe deficiency of iron in the human body causes

• Anemia
• Tiredness
• Shortage of breath

IodineThe deficiency of iodine in the human body causes

• Hinders mental and physical growth
• Body dries up
• Skin thickens
• Face gets wrinkle
• Enlarge thyroid glands

FluorineThe deficiency of fluorine in the human body causes

• Breakdown of dental tissues
• Decrease in bone mass
• Toothache

Vitamin AThe deficiency of vitamin A in the human body causes

• Inflamed skin.
• Night blindness
• Infertility
• Delayed growth
• Respiratory infections

Vitamin BThe deficiency of vitamin B in the human body causes

• Fatigue
• Skin rashes
• Compromised immune system
• Beriberi disease

Vitamin CThe deficiency of vitamin C in the human body causes

• Fatigue
• Inflammation of the gums
• Small red or purple spots on the skin
• Joint pain
• Corkscrew hair

Vitamin DThe deficiency of vitamin D in the human body causes

• Loss of bone density
• In children, it can cause rickets
• Bones become hollow and distorted

These are the effects of the deficiency of the following nutrients in the human body.

Define Ultrasonic Waves. What are some uses of Ultrasonic Waves?

Answer:

Ultrasonic wavesSound is transferred from one medium to another in the form of waves. A human can hear the sound wave whose frequency ranges from 20Hz to 20k Hz. The sound waves whose frequency is more than 20k Hz is not audible by human beings are called Ultrasonic waves.

Uses of Ultrasonic WavesUses of ultrasonic waves are defined hereunder.

• It is used to detect the objects.
• It is used to measure the distance.
• Ultrasound imaging is used in medicine, which is called sonography.
• It is also used to detect invisible flaws in casting, drilling, glass, and ceramics, etc.

Name the raw material used in the manufacture of Plastic. What are the two well-known types of plastics? Give at least two important properties of plastic?

Answer:

Raw material of Plastic

The raw material of plastic includes ethane, which is an unsaturated hydrocarbon, polythene, and oxygen. To make plastic, ethane is polymerized to polythene by mixing the required amount of oxygen in it. It is then heated at1000 Cand plastic is formed.

Types of Plastics

Two well-known types of plastics are given below

1. Bakelite

The Bakelite plastics are an early form of brittle plastic, usually dark brown, made up of formaldehyde and phenol. They are chiefly used for electrical equipment.

1. Polystyrene

Polystyrene is a synthetic aromatic hydrocarbon polymer made from the monomer known as styrene. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed.

Properties of PlasticPlastics are

1. Durable
2. Easy to manufacture
3. Electrically and thermally insulated
4. Resistant to shock, chemicals, and water
5. Available at low cost
6. Flexible

These are few properties of the plastics.

What is common cause of Heart attack?

Answer:

Oxygen and food, which are essential for the survival of human being, are supplied to the heart by the coronary system. If one of the arteries, which supplies oxygen and food to the heart, is blocked due to coronary heart disease, it stops the flow of blood to the heart. In coronary disease, the cholesterol and other substances Plaque collect in the arteries that cause the blockage of blood flow as shown in the figure.

Due to obstruction in blood flow, it causes the heart attack. If the blockage remains for a long time, the person s heart stops working and he dies. If the damage is manageable, the person gets a heart attack but is able to survive after proper treatment. Thus, the most common cause of a heart attack. is the blockage of the blood flow.

In what units the following can be measured? Answer any five? Force, Temperature, Current, Heat, Pressure, Radioactivity, and Atomic Energy.

Answer:The units for the following quantities are given below

Quantities	Units
Force	Newton N
Temperature	Kelvin K
Current	Ampere A
Heat	Joule J
Pressure	Pascal Pa
Radioactivity	Becquerel Bq
Atomic Energy	Joule J

These are the appropriate units with their symbols to measure the given quantities.

What parts of the human body secrets the following enzymes? Give one important function of each

1. )Amylase 2 Pepsin 3 Trypsin

4 Lipase 5 Sucrose

Answer:

The well-defined parts of the human body, secrets to the respective enzymes, and their functions are tabulated below.

Enzyme	Human Body Part	Function of enzyme
Amylase	Pancreas	It breaks down the starch molecules and converts them into sugar.
Pepsin	Stomach	It helps to break down the protein into polypeptides and peptones.
Trypsin	Pancreas	It breaks down the protein and helps human body to digest it.
Lipase	Pancreas, Mouth, and Stomach	It breaks down the fats present in the food.
Sucrose	Small intestine	It converts sucrose into its subunits fructose and glucose.

Thus, this is the well-defined table elaborating the function of each enzyme.

Mention five applications of Laser?

Answer:

The term laser is an acronym of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation . A laser is a device that emits light through a mechanism of optical amplification.

Applications of Laser

A few applications of laser are given below

1. It is used in medicine for bloodless surgery, to destroy kidney stones, in cancer therapy, and to detect ulcer in in the intestine, etc.
2. It is used in underwater communication, optical fiber communication, and space communication.
3. It is used to cut glass in the industries.
4. It helps to count the number of atoms in a substance.
5. It is also used to detect earthquakes and underwater nuclear blasts.

These are the applications of laser.

Name the field of the following scientists.

Jabir Ibn Hayyan, Ibnal Haithum, Abu rehan al beruni, Ibn Sina, Al-Khawarzini, Abu Bakar Zakaraiyya Razi, Ibn Baitar, and Abu Qasim Zahravi.

Answer: The field of the given scientists is tabulated hereunder.

Scientist	Field
Jabir Ibn Hayyan	Chemistry
Ibnal Haithum	Optics
Abu rehan al beruni	Mathematician, Astronomer, Historian
Ibn Sina	Medicine, Psychology, Pharmacology , Geology, Physics, Astronomy, Chemistry, Philosophy
Al-Khawarzini	Mathematician, Astronomer, Astrologer Geographer, Scholar
Abu Bakar Zakaraiyya Razi	Philosophy, Psychology
Ibn Baitar	Botany, Pharmacist
Abu Qasim Zahravi	Physician, Surgeon, Chemist

These are the fields of the given scientists in which they played remarkable role.

What do you mean by the term RADAR? Explain its working?

Answer

RADAR

RADAR is an acronym ofRadio Detecting and Ranging .It deals with the use of radio waves. It is used to determine the angle, range, and velocity of the objects. It radiated energy in the space and monitors the objects with the help of reflected signals.

Working of Radar

RADAR sends the electromagnetic waves towards the object. It strikes to the object present in the path and scattered back in the form of energy to the RADAR. It works the same as the principal of echo. For example, if a person shouts in a hollow room, he will be able to listen to his voice after some interval of time. His voice reflects back and it is called echo. In the same way, waves reflect back and RADAR is able to detect the precipitation. It is also called the electric echo. Electromagnetic waves in radar always travel in a straight line having a speed of light 3 10⁸m s. This is how RADAR works.

Name the six important elements which form 99 of the human body?

Answer: Six important elements that form 99 of the human body are

1. Oxygen
2. Carbon
3. Hydrogen
4. Nitrogen
5. Calcium
6. Phosphor

Thus, these are the elements that made 99 of the human body.

Define the following.

Chain Reaction, Critical mass, Fission, Fusion, and Reactor.

Answer:

1. Chain Reaction

Chain reaction is a continuous energy releasing reaction. In which, nucleus of the U-235 is bombarded with a neutron and splits into two nuclei as shown in the figure.

Now, the split-ted nuclei initiate other fission reactions. Each of the nuclei is bombarded with more neutrons and splits into 4 nuclei with the release in four more neutrons and energy. So, by this continuous collision chain reaction is sustained. The production of too many neutrons may cause an explosion.

• Critical mass

The amount of fissile material, which is required to sustain a nuclear chain reaction, is known as critical mass. The critical mass of the fissile material depends upon its nuclear properties such as shape, density, purity, and temperature, etc.

• Fission

The process in which one heavy nucleus is breakdown into two small nuclei is called nuclear fission reaction, and the amount of energy obtained by this process is called nuclear fission energy.

In a nuclear fission reaction, the nucleus of the Uranium is used for bombardment. The nucleus is bombarded with a neutron, which breakdown the nucleus into two smaller nuclei. The amount of energy, 200MeV, is released in each fission reaction. Most of the energy released in the process is converted into heat, which is later used in a nuclear power plant to generate steam. When Uranium-235 is bombarded with a neutron, it is broken down into Barium and Krypton and two more neutrons with the release in energy.

Chemical Equation

Chemical equation of nuclear fission reaction is given below

₉₂U²³⁵1ⁿ¹→ ₅₆Ba¹⁴⁴36Kr90 2n¹Energy

This is how nuclear fission reaction is sustained.

• Fusion

The process in which two nuclei combine to form a nucleus with the release in energy is called Fusion reaction. In nuclear fusion reaction, two nuclei of hydrogen combine to form helium nuclei He³as shown in the figure.

A large amount of heat is released during this process due to difference between atoms of hydrogen and helium with the release of neutron. A very high amount of temperature is required to start this process. This is the reason that it cannot be sustained on the earth. It takes place on sun because of its high temperature. If nuclear fusion reaction can be carried out at earth then it will be very cheap and pollution free way to generate energy.

Chemical equation

Chemical equation of nuclear fusion reaction is given below

₁H2₁H²→ ₂He³0n¹Energy

This is how nuclear fusion reaction is sustained.

• Reactor

In a nuclear reactor, the process of nuclear fission takes place. After bombardment of neutron, the amount of energy is released in the form of heat. In the boiler of nuclear reactor, the released heat energy is used to heating water. After few minutes, the water starts boiling. When the water is boiled, it produces steam as shown in the figure.

The amount of steam produced in a nuclear reactor is used to running huge turbines, which helps in generating electricity.

Name the important sources of energy used in the industries in Pakistan. What other alternative sources of energy can be used in the industry?

Answer

There is a lot of energy sources used to generate energy in the industries in Pakistan. It includes conventional and non-conventional sources to generate energy. They are named as

1. Coal
2. Oil
3. Gas
4. Wood
5. Water
6. Solar
7. Wind
8. Hydropower

These are the important sources consist of fossil fuels and renewable energy of energy used in industries in Pakistan.

Alternative sources of energy

According to recent research, coal and petroleum will be completely ceased within a few years. So, there are few alternative ways to generate energy, which can be used in the industries are given hereunder.

1. Tidal Energy
2. Geothermal Energy
3. Atom derived energy
4. Hydro Energy
5. Biomass Energy

These are some of the alternative energy sources, which can be used in the industries to overcome the energy crisis in Pakistan.

What are planets? Name the known planets.

Answer:

Planets

In the solar system, the bodies revolving around the sun in an elliptical path are known as planets. Planets are non-luminous bodies as they do not have their own light. All the planets are round in shape because of their gravitational force. Planets are nine in number and all are revolving in a specific path around the sun in the solar system as shown in the figure.

Planets are classified in three main groups.

First group

In the first groups, it contains four planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. These are closer to the sun and lies in the first group.

Second group

In the second group, it also contains four planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. These are at an increasing distance to the sun.

Third group

In this group, there is only one planet Pluto exists. It was discovered by the staff of the Lowell Observatory in 1930. It is a larger distance from the sun as compared to other planets.

These are the planets present in the solar system and this is how they are classified in three different groups.

Given below is the list of scientists work List A and List B match the two.

Answer:

The name of scientists with their respective work is tabulated below.

Name of Scientist	Work
Copernicus	Solar system
Volta	Current electricity
Graham Bell	Telephone
Thomas Edison	Gramophone
Mosley	Atomic number
Watson and Crick	Structure of D.N.A
Fahrenheit	Mercury Thermometer
Alfred Noble	Dynamite
Robert Hooke	Cells
John Baird	Television

This is the list of name of the scientists and their work.

Miss Ambar Fiaz is an M.S Physics, and being a lecturer, she has years of experience of providing coaching on Science subjects. On the request of cssprepforum, she has agreed to solve all the CSS GSA Past Papers to let aspirants how to attempt GSA paper in the CSS exam to score the maximum. She has been providing guidance to thousands of competitive aspirants on how to attempt science papers and what to prepare.

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The following are the CSS 2022 Pakistan Affairs solved past papers questions. These questions have been evaluated and checked by Pakistan s top Pakistan Affairs and Current Affairs coaches, who are either lecturers or officers and scored the highest marks in this paper. They include Miss Saba Baloch CSS-2021 , Miss Aimeen Mirza CSS 2018 , Miss Nirmal Hasni DD NAB , Sir Rameez Ch. Lecturer Deputy Director , and Miss Zaineb Azam the highest scorer 76 . Moreover, these questions have been attempted on the same pattern taught by Sir Syed Kazim Ali to his students who have been scoring the highest marks for years.

Q.1	Discuss The Issues And Mistrust In US-Pakistan Relations After The Withdrawal Of The U.S. Troops From Afghanistan.
Q.2	What Is The Volume Of The Grants, Aids And Loans In Pakistan s Economy In The Last Ten Years To Stimulate Growth? Discuss
Q.3	Why Did Pakistan Join Western Defense Pacts? What Cost It Had To Pay For It. Explain
Q.4	Every State Designs Its Foreign Policy On National Interests Rejecting Feelings And Emotions. Why Did Pakistan Prefer Emotions, Feelings, And Ideology In Its Foreign Policy? Also, Analyze Its Impacts
Q.5	Evaluate The Factional Politics Of The Early Years 1947-58 And Their Impact On The Democratic Process Of Pakistan.
Q.6	Discuss The Federal Structure Of 1973 Constitution Of Pakistan After 18th Amendment. Why criticism On 18th Amendment Started Recently?
Q.7	Discuss The Role Of Regional And Nationalist Political Parties In Pakistani Politics? How Far These Parties Are Necessary For The Political System?

CSS 2021 Solved Pakistan Affairs Questions

Q.2	Enumerate the measures adopted by Pakistan to spotlight on the plight of Kashmiri people in the Indian occupied Jammu and Kashmir after 5th August 2019.
Q.3	Now Outdated Question
Q.4	How CPEC phase II will galvanize industrialization and employment in Pakistan?
Q.5	Discuss the Significance of Renewable Energy Resources for Pakistan.
Q.6	How Pakistan should combat the 5th generation war?
Q.7	Political Stability is mandatory for economic prosperity in Pakistan. Elaborate.
Q.8	Critically Evaluate the Evolution of Muslim Separate Identity in the Sub-Continent.

1. Meaning Purposive Education
2. Bureaucracy Doldrums
3. Is Gender Equality a Myth?
4. Pros and Cons of Globalization for Pakistan
5. Islamophobia Causes and Consequences
6. Artificial intelligence Its Merits and Demerits
7. IMF Bailouts Roads to Stability or Recipes for Disaster
8. Can Foreign Aid Help A Country Achieve Economic Stability?
9. Consequences of American Withdrawal from Afghanistan on South Asia
10. Money And Success Do Not Change People They Merely Amplify What Is Already There
11. Almost Always, The Creative, Dedicated Minority Has Made The World Better

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